Paper Title
Energy Efficiency Enhancement in Cold-Chain Logistics Centers Via Lighting Control and DC Power Distribution

Abstract
Cold-chain logistics centers in Korea are highly energy-intensive facilities, operating refrigeration and lighting systems around the clock to preserve perishable goods. This study explores technologies to improve energy efficiency in such centers by focusing on the lighting systems. A real-world testbed logistics center was outfitted with advanced lighting control strategies—schedule control, group-based circuit control, and dimming control—combined with a conversion of the lighting power distribution from traditional AC (alternating current) to DC (direct current). The methods were implemented via a centralized Energy Management System (EMS) in a multi-room cold storage warehouse. Lighting simulations were conducted to ensure that the new system meets required illuminance standards (≥150 lux during working hours and ≥75 lux during idle periods). Results from monitored energy consumption show that the integrated approach can reduce lighting energy use by approximately 37–40% compared to a baseline of continuous lighting with conventional AC supply. In particular, scheduling and dimming controls curtailed unnecessary lighting operation by about 30%, while direct DC power supply for LED lighting eliminated about 9% of power conversion losses and further mitigated distribution losses due to voltage drop. These efficiency improvements are achieved without compromising lighting quality or safety, as illumination levels remain within regulatory guidelines. The findings demonstrate significant cost and energy savings potential for cold-chain logistics facilities and highlight a path toward more sustainable operation of refrigerated warehouses. This work provides practical insights into retrofitting or designing cold-chain centers with smart lighting controls and DC distribution, which can be scaled to similar industrial facilities to contribute to energy conservation and carbon emission reductions. Keywords - Cold-Chain, EMS, DC Power Supply, DC Distribution, Lighting Controls